Nick, we have a lot of clueless n00bs here who want to start out on a ZX10 or Y1 or the like. In short, we tend to assume that any new rider who wants a bike that "can go faster than my gto" is unaware of the power and danger of modern motorcycles.
Once you prove to us that you are smart enough to start with an appropriate bike, and that you want to get the right riding education and gear, we'll act less concerned. And your question about gear is going in the right direction!
As for gear, the most protective is leather. THICK leather, which is at least 1.4 mm thick. If you are in a very humid climate, mesh textiles can work. I personally do not trust textiles and wear a perforated leather suit year-round. It's made by Frank Thomas, which is a middle-line seller that has very thick and protective gear for a reasonable price.
You will want armored boots that cover your ankles. They MUST cover your ankles, which are exposed and easy to grind down if you slide.
Helmet - get one that FITS and that you want to wear. If it has a DOT sticker you will be fine. Snell is not necessary IMHO. Full Face is the most protective, and again I would never ride without one.
You'll also want good leather gloves, armored if possible although there are good non-armored gloves out there (such as those made by Lee Parks.) I have a pair of Spidi Carbo Six gloves - they are designed for racing and are astonishingly nice, but expensive.
You can easily spend $2000 for your gear, but you can also get a superb and very protective outfit for about $1200.
I'm sure you'll get plenty of recommendations!
